Attributes cost four times their current value to increase, and require one month of training time per current dot.  Favored attributes require no training time, and have a discount of 2 XP at each level (so 4x-2).  *Strength 2 to Strength 3 costs 8 XP and takes two months.*

Abilities cost two times their current value to increase, and require one week of training per current dot.  Favored abilities require no training time, and have a discount of 1 XP at each level (so 2x-1).  *Melee 2 to Melee 3 costs 4 XP and takes two weeks.*  Buying a new ability costs 3 XP, even if it's favored, and takes 3 weeks of training if it's not favored.  Buying a dot of specialty costs 3 XP and takes three weeks of training time.

Adept Charms cost 10 XP each, but only 8 XP if they're in a Favored Ability.  It takes one day of practice per dot of minimum ability if they're favored; one day of training per dot of minimum Essence + one day per dot of minimum Ability if they are not favored.  Lunar-based Adepts pay 12/15 instead of 8/10.

High Rituals (Exalted Sorcery) have the same cost as Charms, but require one week of study per Circle (there are three circles of spells).  Low Rituals (Spheres) cost several times as much as Charms (twice as much at the low levels, up to four times as much for level 3 spheres) and require one month of study per Circle.

Spirit Charms, and Intuitive Sorcery Spells cost 15 XP if they're not in a favored Virtue, 12 XP if they are favored.

Essence costs 8 times its current rating to increase.  One month per current dot of Essence is required.

Virtues and Backgrounds cost 3 times their current rating to increase.  Backgrounds cannot normally be increased, and require a special exception from the GM.  Get it in writing, because he probably won't believe you when you mention it later.  No training time is needed for Virtues.  Favored Virtues cost 1 XP less, just like Abilities.

Willpower costs 2 times its current rating to increase.  No training time is needed for Willpower.

<hr>

To sum up charm costs:

       Solar -- 5 BP, 4 if favored, 10 XP, 8 if favored.  Used for Adept abilities *only*.

       Lunar -- 15 XP, 12 if favored.  Lunar-based characters only.

       Spirit -- 7 BP, 5 if favored, 15 XP, 12 if favored.  Used for Born Mage / Physad abilities.

       DB Charms -- 7 BP, 5 if favored, 12 XP, 10 if favored.  Used for Born Mages.

And everything else:

<pre>
Name            1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9  10
Attributes      X   4   8  12  16
Fav Attrib      X   2   6  10  14  18  22
Abilities       3   2   4   6   8  10  12  14  16  18
Fav Ability     3   1   3   5   7   9  11  13  15  17
Speciality      3   3   3
Virtue          X   3   6   9  12
Fav Virtue      X   2   5   8  11
Willpower       X   2   4   6   8  10  12  14  16  18   
Essence         X   X  16  24  32  40  48  56  64  72

Totals          1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9  10
Attributes      X   4  12  24  40
Fav Attrib      X   2   8  18  32  50  72
Abilities       3   5   9  15  23  33  45  59  75  93
Fav Ability     3   4   7  12  19  28  39  52  67  84
Speciality      3   6   9
Virtue          X   3   9  18  30
Fav Virtue      X   2   7  15  26
Willpower       X   2   6  12  20  30  42  64  80  98   
Essence         X   X  16  40  72 112 160 216 280 352
</pre>

That which takes no time to increase really does take no time: it can be increased reflexively.